The Importance Of Preparing And Taking The Act Test

Margaret Thatcher, the first female Prime Minister of Great Britain, once said, â€Å"You do not achieve anything without trouble.† This quote can directly apply to getting ready for and taking the ACT Test (Myres n.pag.). The ACT is a standardized college admissions test that measures multiple skills that students learn throughout high school. This test is said to determine quite a few things in students’ lives to come, and the ACT is supposed to be taken very seriously. Nonetheless, it is very difficult for students to prepare themselves for this test because there is so much that they have to know. Many students spend countless hours preparing and studying for the test because they want to do well, and they go through a lot of trouble in an attempt to succeed. Most of the time, preparing does help boost students’ scores; however, too much preparation can lead to problems and possible negative outcomes in their lives. Thatcher was completely correct when she sa id that there will be trouble in order to succeed because there are a lot of things that can go wrong in a student’s life while he or she is spending time studying for the ACT. Having said this, being a Junior who is getting ready for the ACT is truly the worst of times because it stresses students out, ruins their social and family lives, and determines their lives after high school. To begin, however, one must consider the possibility of ACT Prep actually being a good thing before determining that it is indeed theShow MoreRelatedThe Recurring Theme of Revenge in Shakespeares Hamlet723 Words   |  3 Pages Whether or not the readers enjoy reading or are fond of the play, Hamlet, it’s obviously true that Hamlet’s procrastination on taking revenge for his father’s death is a constantly recurring theme throughout the play. 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Change of the lady. (Narrate the process Free Essays

Change of the lady. (Narrate the process of transformation that the American wife experiences from the position of non-identity to the position of identity in the story ‘Cat in the Rain) By apurbadhlaiJesun Change of the lady. (Narrate the process of transformation that the American wife experiences from the position of non-identity to the position of identity in the story ‘Cat in the Rain) Answer: Hemingway’s title to his story, â€Å"Cat in the Rain† carries more meaning than the literal cat in the rain. We will write a custom essay sample on Change of the lady. (Narrate the process or any similar topic only for you Order Now Indeed, the story talks about a cat stuck in the rain; however, this is not what Hemingway meant when he wrote the story. His character, the American Wife, alludes to the title of the story by presenting elements of confinement similar to that of the cat. In this story there is a process of transformation which is experienced by the American Wife. We notice that from various changes in her attitude. The story presents the American couple as emotionally barren, isolated by their own self- absorption. The husband is unconcerned with his wife’s malaise, never rising from his supine position on the bed, and even growing angry when she attempts to express her desires. The wife is nameless; shunned by her husband and lacking a ense of self-hood, she is like the â€Å"poor kitty out in the rain. Carelessness of the husband: We are first introduced to George and his wife, the latter is referred by as the â€Å"American Wife† in the first sentence of the story. This title lacks individuality and has no special meaning, signifying that she is Just a mere American Woman and nothing else. This already confines the character in a little cage, since it implies that she will never get herself out of the hole where society has placed her. George does not help much, rarely paying attention to her whenever she demands his care. This is evident when she sees â€Å"a cat†¦ crouched under one of the dripping green tables†, and points it out to her husband, who offers to help from his bed. The wife never speaks out about the restraint George puts on her, but rather feels it. The main reason behind this is her transformation from being the â€Å"American Wife† to the â€Å"American Girl†. To the general public, a girl seems to have less restraints due to her youth and innocence, while a wife has her (and her husband’s) image to protect. Hemingway’s choice of words implies that she feels the restraints being lifted once she left her otel room, leaving her husband behind. Hemingway provides other evidence for George’s restraints by presenting the hotel keeper, whom the wife has a liking for. Described as an â€Å"old man and very tall†, the wife has a liking for him, especially his many qualities such as â€Å"the deadly serious way he received any complaints†¦ his dignity†¦ the way he wanted to serve her. † Hemingway never says anything about the wite loving or liking George, turtner supporting the idea ot him putting some sort ot restraint on her. Lack of freedom: During the last part of the story, Hemingway presents the lack of freedom that the ife has. She asks George if â€Å"it would be a good idea if [she] lets [her] hair grow out? † George merely responds by saying â€Å"you look pretty darn nice. † She does not try to argue about it, further implying that she feels inferior, and George has control over her. While she does not explicitly state it, she feels that her lack of freedom is keeping her from being happy. She proceeds to go on a little rant about how she wants to have her own things, â€Å"l want to pull my hair back tight and smooth and make a big know at the back I can feel†¦ I want to have a kitty†¦ I want to eat at a table ith my own silver and I want candles. † Perhaps George does not want to give her that freedom because he wants to exert his role as the head of the house. Keep in mind that this story was written in a time where women were considered nothing if they were not married. And even in their marriage, many women were not exactly considered part of society simply because they are women. This change is the only one reason behind his transformation from the position of non-identity to the position identity. Care of hotelkeeper: The wife ventures outside but is stopped by the rain. A maid, sent by the hotelkeeper, olds an umbrella for her. The cat is gone, and the wife exclaims that she wanted a cat so much, revealing that her concern is more for herself than the cat. She returns to their room and complains to George how much she wanted the cat, and says, â€Å"It isn’t any fun to be a poor kitty out in the rain. † Her husband ignores her, and the woman, looking in the mirror, asks him if she should grow her hair out. He tells her he likes it as it is, short like a boy’s, indicating the lack of passion in their union. The wife then begins to lament her many wants and needs, but her husband coldly tells her to â€Å"shut up. There is a knock on the door; it is the maid, again sent by the hotelkeeper. She has brought a big cat â€Å"for the Signora. â€Å". † It is significant that the hotelkeeper is more attuned to the American wife’s desires and more willing to do what it takes to fulfill them than either the woman herself or her husband. Neither of them is willing†physically or symbolically†to go out into the rain. Similarities between George (the husband) and the rain: It seems that Hemingway’s main contrast in explaining his point is by comparing the wife with the cat. Both are in similar situations where they are kept from being free. One is restrained by the rain while the other one is being restrained by her husband long to break out of those cages that keep them from enjoying life. Perhaps she saw herself in the cat who â€Å"was trying to keep dry under the table. † By going through such weather to rescue the kitty, she doesnt show determination, but rather a sense of hope that she herself may be rescued from her own cage. Unfortunately for her, the cat was gone. This turn of events shattered her hope, making her feel â€Å"very small and tight inside†. Indeed, she still feels confined to the cage George placed her in, and does not see a way out ot there. Hemingway presents us with more evidence that it is George that places such limits on her. When she walks by the pardoner, he made her feel â€Å"very small and at the same time really important. She had a momentary feeling of being of supreme importance. † It is crucial to take note of this, since it is the only time in the story where she has any feeling of superiority. She has a sense of confidence that is absent whenever George is present. Overview: We know, the story â€Å"Cat in the Rain† talks about a cat stuck outside in the rain, but I don’t think that this is what Hemingway meant when he wrote this story. I like how Hemingway started the story off with describing the setting, where the two Americans were and how they were the only ones stopping in to this particular hotel. It gives the reader something to picture right off the bat. I think that Hemingway could have described the characters in more detail to get a better understanding of them. Also I think the in-depth description of the hotel wasn’t necessary I would of liked to see the description put in to the characters more. I really liked the way Hemingway’s character the American Woman acted because it felt very real to something in real ife. The way Hemingway portrayed the woman at first was more along the lines of a nagging wife, but when she goes to the window to see the cat her persona changes, I liked this because it made me get into her head and see how she was feeling Hemingway started in a unique way because I very rarely see a story start like this, and he pulled it off very well. The description of the location and setting pulled me right into the story; I liked this because it kept me interested and wanting to keep reading. I think the title that was given to the wife as the â€Å"American Wife† lacks ndividuality and has no special meaning, signifying that she is Just a mere American Woman and nothing else. I think that the title Hemingway chose was to portray that the wife felt that she was condoned to George her husband and that he never really paid much attention to her. This lack of attention makes her feel that she does not have much freedom to express herself and keeps much of her feelings inside. She definitely feels the restraint that George has put on her, and in order to please him, she attempts to make herself compact Just like the cat. I think this is why Hemingway akes it seem that she is so attached and drawn to helping the cat out of the rain. Reasons behind transformation: Two points can be inferred from this event: first, George discards all the trivial things the wife says and does not provide her with any attention, making her feel that she must demand it. This lack of attention makes her feel that she does not have much freedom to express herself and keeps much of her feelings inside. Second and most importantly, she seems to connect with the cat, â€Å"the cat was trying to make her so compact so that she would not be dripped on. † She definitely feels the restraint that George has put on her, and in order to please him, she attempts to make herself compact Just like the cat. â€Å"The Cat in the Rain† fits perfectly with the story. It symbolizes a cat that wants to be free, one that wants to go out and seek the world. The process of transformation is clear to us. Unfortunately, something is holding it back, something out of its control. Hemingway chose this title to retlect now the wite must teel about not being able to control her own life. She is Just like the cat in the rain, a radical and passionate being unable to take a chance because society has placed a restraint on her. How to cite Change of the lady. (Narrate the process, Essays

Lutheran Orthodoxy And PietismSo What Essay Research free essay sample

Lutheran Orthodoxy And Pietism? So What? Essay, Research Paper Lutheran Orthodoxy and Pietism? So What? In many modern-day Lutheran circles, the labels? Orthodoxy? and? Pietism? are clearly unflattering. In popular use, Orthodoxy means a fossilised over-intellectualized theological system that neglected the life of the people and distorted the heritage of the Reformation, synonymous with? ivory-tower stubborn reactionist intellectual. ? One fold, for illustration, had to listen to a discourse on Matthew 10:30 ( ? And even the hairs of your caput are all counted? ) which the sermonizer subdivided into subdivisions: the beginnings, manner, and signifier of hair ; its correct attention ; reminiscences, warnings, and comfort derived from hair ; how to care for hair in good Christian manner ; and how to do usage of it. Its chief feature was its accent on systematic idea. ? A 2nd feature that made it similar to medieval divinity was its usage of Aristotle. ? The 3rd ground why Lutheran divinity in the 17th century is decently called? scholastic? is that it was largely the merchandise of schools. It was no longer, as in the old century, a divinity born out of the life of the church and directed towards prophesying and the attention of psyches, but instead a divinity developed in the universities, and addressed to other bookmans and university professors. ? It left two of import bequests: its philosophy of biblical inspiration, and its spirit of stiff confessionalism. Similarly, Pietism means a system of elaborate ultra-conservative Torahs that lead to an empty formalism? a kind of Lutheran Judaism. In common idiom the term has come to intend? stiff piousness? or? pretentious quietist dissembler? . These negative ratings are non without some justification. They betray, nevertheless, a context-bound consciousness because they do non try to sympathetically come in into the times and idea of the period. Rather than rejecting our history, it is better to encompass it and convey from it the lessons it has for our ain times. In this paper, I will see these motions by looking at their general features, the manner they answer the inquiry? What must I make to be saved? ? , the beginnings of authorization, the significance of community, and their apprehension of what is means to be a True Christian, and their failings as viewed from the opposing cantonments. With this stuff in head, I will so see the deductions of this apprehension of our history for our present context. Orthodoxy and Pietism? The Nature of the Motions In general, it may be said that the Orthodox were concerned about larning right thought, believing that it would take to right action, while the Pietists were concerned about making a right relationship, trying to foster that relationship through right action. Lutheran Orthodoxy was distinguished by a individual cardinal concern: pure philosophy. The overruling concern was to set up, keep, support, and learn? pure philosophy? . By pure philosophy, the Orthodox theologians meant a system of belief based on the content of Bible used to construe the Scriptures in learning and prophesying. The most rigorous logical system of the clip, Aristotelean logical analysis, was used to guarantee that the philosophy was right deduced. The necessity to keep pure philosophy led to extreme intolerance of any fluctuation in divinity and to motivate and vigorous suppression of unorthodoxy. Because the purpose of pure philosophy was to convey the Word, big sums of energy were spent in learning and proving the temporalty in the recitation of the catechism. Stoffler identifies three important subjects in Pietism: the importance of personal relationship with God, the necessity to endeavor for sanctification, the demand for the person to prosecute in Bible survey. The accent on the demand and ability for the temporalty to prosecute in instruction and survey, a resurgence of the priesthood of all trusters, is every bit of import. The kernel of Christianity is to be found in the personally meaningful relationship of the person to God? ( They mean to ) point in the way of the centrality of the person? s relationship to God. Justification is meaningless from the point of position of the person who needs redemption unless it is personally appropriated in a fiduciary committedness. Justification must be more than a forensic act on the portion of God. It must come in into human experience. This it does in the divinely shaped miracle of transition and in the divinely initiated and supported endeavoring for sanctification. Pietism, from the beginning? was strongly committed to Biblical norms of idea and life and became progressively distrustful of ground. ? It was this inexplicit, slightly naif, trust in the Word, instead than in adult male? s words about the Word, which is besides responsible for the fact that Pietists truly trusted the spiritual sentiments of theologically untrained laypersons. ? Laymans were permitted to attest, exhort, and even to prophesy. The philosophy of the priesthood of all trusters was therefore rescued one time once more from being a mere tenet and set free to exercise its influence in the Church. The accent on personal relationship with God is a manner of understanding Luther? s definition of God, A God is that to which we look for all good and in which we find refuge in every clip of demand. To hold a God is nil else than to swear and believe him with our whole bosom. Pietism idea of religion as an experiential act of the whole individual, and non simply assensus. The content of the religion was therefore of less import. The educational focal point became scriptural literacy instead than theological literacy. What Must I Do to be Saved? The theological accents of Orthodoxy and Pietism resulted in different types of pattern for the temporalty, different manners of sermon, and different signifiers of devotional literature. It is helpful to see the responses of the two motions to the practical inquiry, ? What Must I do to be Saved? ? The Orthodox response to this inquiry is, ? You must recognize that you are a suffering evildoer, wholly incapable of being worthy of redemption. You must so believe and experience right about Jesus. You will so be freely given redemption. ? The Pietistic response is, ? You must be converted to a new relationship with God. Analyze your workss. If they are non worthy of a follower of Christ, so your transition is non completed. You will be freely given redemption if you have faith, shown by your workss. ? Both systems assumed, in covering with redemption, that the individual addressed was undue, did non hold religion, and was non in a right relationship with God. They both asserted that penitence and religion would take to right relationship and right action. Neither placed much accent on either baptism or on the sacrament of the communion table. The demand to come to footings with? at the same time justified and evildoer? meant that neither system, nevertheless, could travel beyond this, but began the rhythm once more. In other words the suffering evildoer was saved but was still in demand of redemption. The implicit in message of such a divinity is that worlds must ever be immersed in guilt and penitence, self-affliction and self-torture. Authority Both the Orthodox and the Pietists held the Bible to be the important criterion for religion and pattern. They differed significantly with respect to reading and practical application of the Bible. Orthodoxy held that the church is? the lone proper and competent translator of the Bible. ? Not merely was the Bible to be a standard but it was besides assumed to be a complete sourcebook for divinity and pattern, ? Sacred Bible contains everything to be believed and done. ? Therefore, the Orthodox took small history of the changed physical and societal fortunes between Biblical times and civilizations and their ain. The Pietists emphasized the ability and necessity for the temporalty to prosecute in Bible survey. The first of Spener? s proposals was a greater usage of the Scripture in church, place, and survey group. All the temporalty were to be able to construe Bible for the sophistication and solace of others. There was slightly more freedom in reading with respect to application, but the hermeneutic remained Orthodox. The confessional preparation of justification was of import to the Orthodox and was often explicated in Arndt? s True Christianity. The Pietists recognized that their accent on the Christian life appeared antithetical to justification by religion and exhausted clip seeking to accommodate the two. Neither group, nevertheless, was of all time able to hold on the possibility that the consecrated life might be one of diverseness. Both motions had entreaty to the Lutheran Confessions and to Luther? s Hagiographas. The Orthodox often besides used statements from the early Fathers to back up theological statements. The Pietists, in contrast, used the Hagiographas of medieval mysticism and moralism, peculiarly those of St. Bernard of Clairveaux. Community The function and value of community contrasted between the Orthodox and the Pietists. The Orthodox were strongly conditioned by trueness to their historical and physical communities. Conformity to knowledge and pattern was supremely of import. The trial system , the legal codification, the forced catechization, all acted to implement conformance to community spiritual criterions. Deviation from the community was quickly punished. The Pietists were more individualistic in attack. The of import Markss of sanctification that they intended to cultivate were more single? for illustration, non attending at worship, but cheerful and capable exercising of 1s naming. The Pietists expected that merely few of people would be true Christians. There was hence small sense in promoting group designation if the great mass of the community would be stubborn. This separation from the community allowed the Pietists to stress service to the community at the same clip that they could be critical of the community. True Christianity The pastoral end for both the Orthodox and the Pietists was to distribute? True Christianity? . They defined the significance of this end otherwise. To the Orthodox, a true Christian was one who held to the Lutheran philosophy, the merely truly? pure? philosophy. The Pietists more normally defined the true Christian as one who was a adherent of Jesus, that is the practical effects in the truster? s life were the criterion. These effects were frequently considered to include specific emotions, peculiarly the experience of transition. The difference may be summarized as one of? The One True Faith? versus? The One True Praxis? . Reciprocal Positions The Orthodox manner of stressing the gracious nature of justification and the importance of conformance to the community could take to a formalized? lowest common denominator? faith with small grounds of transmutation in the lives of the people, or even of the curates. The trial studies seem peculiarly dejecting with their lists of misconduct and dirt. The Pietists ailments, nevertheless have a ring of truth: ? It has come so far with us, we who call ourselves Lutherans, because we have heard so frequently that the Catholics would be saved through good plants but such is denied in the Lutheran Doctrine, that most believe it is non even their responsibility to make good. ? Our readings have non included primary anti-Pietistic literature. The primary ailments of the Orthodox were that the Pietists focal point on the experience of transition and the indwelling of Jesus created a subjectivist attack to justification. The danger of such an attack is that, since no 1 can will emotions, individuals without such emotions can despair. In add-on, the Orthodox were concerned that the accent on the marks of sanctification could take to excuse by plants. Contemplations Orthodoxy in a Pietistic Spirit? While our class attempted to do a instance for modern-day Lutheranism as? Orthodoxy in a Pietistic Spirit, ? I suggest that that point of view does non use to modern-day ELCA pattern, but instead more accurately reflects the Missouri Synod? s stance. If we characterize the general ELCA place on the issues of importance to the Orthodox and the Pietists, possibly the analogies with the yesteryear will be clarified. We are non chiefly Orthodox. Although we have some concern for the logical defensibility of philosophy, we do non be given to trust on an detailed massive divinity as the primary agencies of informing our sermon or keeping our community. Our openness to oecumenic treatment and to divinities from other faith communities is antithetical to Orthodox stances. We do non curtail Biblical reading to the clergy. We are non loath to promote practical societal action. We teach about no expressed divinity to the temporalty ; the catechism is about fresh, even in verification categories. We have a much more outstanding Pietistic influence. We have become progressively concerned with societal action. We spend monolithic resources on instruction ; largely in footings of Bible survey and practical applications. The engagement and ability of the temporalty to take these plans are assumed, even without developing. We emphasize relationship with God instead than understanding of philosophy. We are individualistic instead than communitarian because the Lutherans are simply one point on the assortment of spiritual picks. We have other elements that are antithetical to both Orthodoxy and Pietism. We tend to be grace-centered in position and do non stress the personal experience of wickedness and desperation ; we neer preach about the cursus. We are much more aware and accepting of? simul justus et pecattore? than either the Pietists or the Orthodox. Our governments include more of the natural scientific disciplines and humanistic disciplines than either. Modern Bible scholarship has changed the manner in which the Bible is used as a criterion for divinity and pattern. We place small accent on? True Christians? because we tend to acknowledge both the diverseness and the ongoing nature of personal transmutation. This suggests that our current state of affairs could be described as one of? Transformed Pietism with an Orthodox Leavening? . How Does the History Inform our Present? There are a figure of decisions relevant to today? s Lutherans to be drawn from this history. While it is easy to wax nostalgic about the yearss when everyone was Lutheran and everybody went to church, existent scrutiny of those times shows a much less ideal state of affairs. Both the Orthodox and the Pietists wrote and spoke at length about the un-faith and immorality of their times. The voluntary nature of church rank in our society can be seen as a approval ; the majority of our parishioners can be presumed to hold at least some degree of committedness to the life of religion. We can therefore be more concerned with fostering religion instead than with seeking to change over the unregenerate. Both the Orthodox and the Pietist motions showed marks of underselling the? free gift? nature of justification. Their methodological analysiss help to demo us where the swamps and brushs are when we try to steer people in the Christian life. The Orthodox show us the dangers of over-emphasis on philosophy, doctrine, and assensus, while the Pietists demonstrate those of subjectiveness, emotionality, and normative moralss. These motions besides have given us illustrations of digesting subjects and patterns that we might make good to heighten. The Pietists insisting on Bible survey that is informed by scholarship could be a welcome restorative to our inclination towards shallow ballad Bible plans. The Orthodox regard for the catechism as a digest of the most of import theological subjects should admonish us against its neglect in our folds. The Pietist concern for personal plants of religion should admonish us against over-emphasis on corporate societal action. Both suggest that we should hold more understanding for the experience of transition among our parishioners, without doing such an experience in any manner a demand or a good work. The Orthodox experience suggests that we should re-evaluate the importance of community trueness to the care of our church ; it frequently seems that our committedness to inclusiveness demonise our European yesteryears. Lutheran Orthodoxy and Pietism receive small attending in general studies of church history. Possibly we would make good to convey these motions back into our historical consciousness. Bibliography Arndt, Johann, True Christianity, Tr. A ; intro Peter Erb, Preface Heiko A. Oberman ( New York: Paulist Press, 1979 ) , Forde, Gerhard, Justification by Faith, a Matter of Death and Life, ( Ramsey, NJ: Sigler Press 1990 ) Franke, August Herman, ? Duty to the Poor? , in Gary Sattler, God? s Glory, Neighbor? s Good, A Brief Introduction to the life and Writings of August Herman Francke, Chicago: Covenant Pres, 1982 Franke, August Herman, ? The Mystery of the Cross? , in Gary Sattler, God? s Glory, Neighbor? s Good, A Brief Introduction to the life and Writings of August Herman Francke, Chicago: Covenant Pres, 1982 Gerhard, John, Sacrae Meditationes, Tr. C. W. Heisler, Philadelphia: Lutheran Publication Society 1896 Gonzalez, Justo L. , The Story of Christianity, Volume 2, The Reformation to the Present Day, San Francisco: HarperSan? Francisco, 1985 Gritsch, Eric W. , Fortress Introduction to Lutheranism, ( Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1994 ) Kolb, Robert, ? Jakob Andreae and His Concern for the Laity, ? Concordia Journal 4/2 ( 1977 ) ,58-67 Martin Luther, Theodore G. Tappert, transcriber, ? Large Catechism? , in The Book of Concord, Philadelphia: Fortress Press 1959 Preus, Robert D. , The Theology of Post-Reformation Lutheranism, St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1970 Smits, Edmund, ? What Is Lutheran Orthodoxy? ? The Doctrine of Man in Classical Lutheran Theology, Ed. Herman A. Preus and Edmund Smits, Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House, 1962 Stoeffler, F. Ernest, ? The Advent of Lutheran Pietism, ? The Rise of Evangelical Pietism, Leiden: E.J.Brill, 1965 Strauss, Gerald, ? The Reformation and Its Public in an Age of Orthodoxy, ? The German Peoples and the Reformation, erectile dysfunction. R. Po-Chia Hsia, Ithaca A ; London: Cornell University Press, 1988 Tappert, Theodore G. , ? The Influence of Pietism in Colonial American Lutheranism, ? Continental Pietism and Early American Christianity, erectile dysfunction. F. Ernest Stoeffler, Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. , 1976

The Worthwhile Price of Slavery Hurston As Provocateur Essay Example

The Worthwhile Price of Slavery: Hurston As Provocateur Essay Zora Neale Hurston’s essay â€Å"How It Feels to Be Colored Me† is provocative for a number of reasons.   Its tone—at once humble and thoughtful and playful—leaves the reader feeling dizzy when they see Hurston calling slavery the price of admission to civilization, and one that she does not dwell on because it was paid for by her ancestors so that she may benefit.   If one had to define a given thesis on Hurston’s part, it would be that race is a construct of any given participant in civilization.   At the end of the essay, she likens herself to an empty brown bag that is being held by the reader, who must determine what was once in the bag—precious diamonds, or broken glass?   It is very philosophical in nature, because the answer Hurston posits is that it doesn’t matter at all: the potential value of the former contents of a human being is a way of commoditizing what they could or should be, and ignoring the reality of the b ag itself.   However, this thesis—beneath the vibrant, flowery prose of Hurston—is quite lacking in clarity.Part of this lack of clarity is, of course, placing the thesis at the end.   Hurston likely assumed that readers could only interpret its deeper meaning after she had provided both examples and context, yet the lack of an exact thesis renders many of her statements more questionable than illuminating.   The first, as mentioned above, is that slavery was a worthwhile price of admission to civilization.   While many prominent black leaders (most notably Washington Carver) advocated attempts to put slavery firmly in the past where it belonged, Hurston’s claim that it both had no relevance and   did not affect her comes across as selfish, at best.   Only at the end do readers realize that slavery is something else that they are attempting to stuff back into the brown bag of black identity in order to impose a narrative on an unknown culture.   Hu rston’s techniques are tied into her evidence, in that both are murky specifically because she imbues the piece with so much emotion.   The one-girl minstrel show that was young Hurston performing for white tourists has its political sting removed by the sheer happiness she says it brings her.   Similarly, the admission that vibrant jazz music makes her feel like a murderous jungle inhabitant (something ripped from the pages of the worst white stereotypes) is complicated by the pity directed at her white friend who seems incapable of feeling anything at all.   Overall, the organization of the essay feeds the lack of clarity—while there is a loose chronological structure to the essay (going Hurston as a young girl to a young woman to presumably present day), the presentation of these loose vignettes amounts to a series of snapshots, with no way of animating the still images to bring them into the vibrant life Hurston speaks of.Despite this lack of clarity and cohe sion, Hurston’s argument is very effective.   She has, of course, a built in ethos—no one can countermand her examples of what her own life feels like.   Hurston also seems to use her own life as a template for other African Americans to follow her lead: through humor, she points to everything she has to celebrate in her own life, and even places racism and discrimination on this same scale.   Racists, she seems to say, simply deny themselves the joy of her presence.   While this is unfortunate for the racists, it is not compelling evidence that she should eliminate or diminish her own joy.   When seen through the lens of focusing on emotional moments of joy, the scattershot organization of the essay begins to make sense: Hurston is not attempting to provide a detailed biography of her own life, but wishes to â€Å"zoom in† enough so that those who think they will find reasons to pity her see instead why she pities those who will never know or experien ce the joys she has known and experienced.Though I certainly agree with the effectiveness of Hurston’s essay, I am afraid I cannot agree with the idea that slavery, as an issue, is dead and buried, even in the twenty-first century.   No matter how well meaning the message is, truly putting slavery in the past could have tragic effects on modern culture, such as overturning Affirmative Action laws that are still needed to arbitrarily stabilize the racist hiring practices of certain regions.   The root idea of slavery—that blacks are somehow not entirely human—still seems more widespread than one would imagine; there are, after all, still â€Å"whites only† Proms, and a number of private schools that owe their origin to the desegregation of public schools.   If for no other reason, these circumstances show why slavery should never be forgotten, or forgiven.   It remains a shameful chapter of our nation’s history, but also shows the terrible c onsequence of assuming that any one person is worth more than another.   In short: Hurston’s advocating that we live in the present and do not let ourselves be dragged into the tragedies of the past would strike more true if the tragedies of the past (in the form of racism, discrimination, and other centuries-old ghosts) did not continue to haunt the present.   For many, being â€Å"colorblind† does not mean treating all races equally, as it should; rather, it means being willfully blind to the issues that continue affecting minorities, rather than working to move towards a future of equity and integration.   Only through reminders of the horrors of the past can the glories of the future be seen.Zora Neale Hurston’s essay provided a valuable insight into something that history is rarely (if ever) able to shed light on: what being colored in a society of discrimination felt like, as opposed to simply what being colored was, or what discrimination was.   H er reaction to such discrimination is a testament to her character and integrity: she did not react with the fear and hatred being directed at her, nor did she succumb to the misery and loathing that would seem perfectly natural, considering the circumstances.   Instead, she described the indescribable joy of being Zora Neale Hurston, and provided a kind of Zen puzzle to readers in the form of her brown bag analogy.   Discrimination, racism, and even well-meaning folks who are unable to move past slavery are all effects of attempting to fill a bag that is already empty.   Moreover, it is completely arbitrary: assuming a black person’s bag was filled with glass and a white person’s bag was filled with diamonds is an exercise in willing self-ignorance, as it ignores the simple reality that the bags are now empty.   According to Hurston, only when individuals recognize this can there be true integration.

loose change essays

loose change essays Come mothers and fathers throughout the land, And don't criticize what you can't understand, Your sons and your daughters are beyond your command, Please get out of the new one if you can't lend your hand, Bob Dylan, The Times They Are A-Changin' The Sixties gave us some of the most radical changes in our history. The Vietnam War and the Anti-war movement, student protests, the music, drug use, mini skirts, communal living, sexual freedom, Womens Liberation, and the Civil Rights Movements, to name a few. These events changed the face of our country and depicted a sense of looseness amongst the young people during this time. Sara Davidsons Loose Change: Three Women of the Sixties, guides us on a vivid tour of these events through the eyes of Tasha, Susie, and herself, and gives us an up close and personal look at this time of change..."loose change." The idea of "loose change" is portrayed throughout Davidsons book. For instance, many students in the Sixties found one reason or another to protest the government establishment. Civil Rights for blacks was one platform for them to express their political views. Sara tells about a protest, which took place when a local supermarket refused to hire blacks for good jobs. After picketing failed to accomplish their goals the protesters came up with a new tactic: a shopin. "This is how it worked: students would wheel shopping carts sown the aisles, load them to the brim and abandon them at the check stand saying coyly, Oh, I forgot my wallet. Others went around rearranging the shelves and dropping food on the floor" (pg. 57). Sara witnessed Susie participating in the shopin by throwing potatoes on the floor. Sara, Susie, and Tasha all took part in another Civil Rights demonstration against The Sheraton Place Hotel. The protest was staged because they only had ...

Basic Approaches And Contemporary Issues In Leadership Management Essay

Basic Approaches And Contemporary Issues In Leadership Management Essay The first complete contingency model for leadership was presented in 1967 by Fred Fiedler’s. His contingency hypothesis was the first to identify how situational factors interrelate with the traits and behaviors of leaders to have an impact on the effectiveness of leadership. The theory proposed that the â€Å"favorability† of the circumstances is what decides how effective the task and the behavior of the person-oriented leader will be. Favorability is established by (1) the amount of trust and respect that devotees or rather followers have for their leaders; (2) the degree to which the responsibilities of individuals who are second to the leader can be organized and the performance measured; and (3) the power that the leader has over the rewards of followers. The circumstances is most encouraging when subordinates have trust and respect for their leaders, respect and trust the leader, the job is greatly structured, and the control over rewards and punishment is held by the leader (Barnett, 2010). The research done by Fiedler showed that leaders who were task-oriented were more valuable and effective when there was either an extremely â€Å"favorable† or extremely â€Å"unfavorable† circumstance, however, leaders who were person-oriented were more valuable if the circumstances were either â€Å"moderately favorable,† or unfavorable.† This hypothesis did not really suggest that in various situations, the leader could become accustomed to their leadership styles, but rather that leaders who had various styles would be more valuable when they are put in situations that go with the leadership style that they prefer (Barnett, 2010). Fiedler is of the assumption that the leadership style of an individual is â€Å"fixed† because if the circumstance has a need for someone who is task-oriented but the person who is in that leadership position is relationship-oriented, then either the leader has to be changed or the situa tion needs to be altered (Robbins, and Position power: The leaders power by virtue of the position in the organization and the extent to which, as the leader, he or she can implement power on followers so that they obey and receive the leaders’ guidance and leadership (â€Å"Feidler’s contingency model,† 2009). Feidler’s position is that leader-member relations are either good or poor, task structure is either high or low and position power is either strong or week. The healthier the relationship between the leader and followers the more organized the job will be and the more resilient the position of power the more command the leader will have (Robbins, so the whether the intellect and know how of an individual has any bearing on the performance of leadership is determined by the level of stress. Other studies corroborated the fact that when the level of stress is low and the leader instructed followers on what he needed done, intellect was key to the effectiveness of the leader, but if the circumstance was a high stress one then intellect did not help as much because the leaders’ thought process was strained. In the same manner, if the leader does not tell his followers what he wants done then intellect do not help because of his reluctance (Robbins, & Judge, 2009). The recommendation of Feidler is that organizations employ and choose persons with the essential intellect, know how, and understanding, and then allow those individuals to work under those situations that let them use the resources that they have cognitively. Additionally, the feeling that the leader has of being in control of the circumstance and the level of stress that he is experiencing is essential (Carter, III, 2006).

Constitutional law of the European Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Constitutional law of the European Union - Essay Example The cited law is usually referred by the judiciary of the member states. Where the laws of member states do not provide due rights, the EU law can be enforced through courts of member states. If it is transposed into the laws of member states e.g. Directives, then European Commission can initiate proceedings against the member state at fault under the EC Treaty. The Court of Justice of the EU is the apex court to interpret the laws where required. The supplementary sources of EU law are backed by the case laws, international and the common principles of EU law2. Research Questions 1. Looking at all relevant sources of EU law can your client rely on any cause of action in the UK courts under EU law? 2. Should the UK Supreme Court make a preliminary reference to the CJEU over the interpretation of the term â€Å"armed forces†? 3. The Supreme Court in January 2013 confirms the Court of Appeal’s judgment. Can your client claim damages for the UK’s infringement of his EU law rights under Directive 2000/78/EC and general principles? 4. How can your client challenge the adoption of Regulation 2010/666/EU in the CJEU and its validity before the domestic courts? Research Methodology In this paper, it is planned to conduct a literature review with the support of internet research and manually found books on European Union Law. Literature review comes under the category of qualitative research. In a number of researches, we have seen literature review as part of introduction section whereas most of the professors prefer a detailed review separately. The literature review contains many important functions such as it ensures not to re-introduce the things, gives credit where the credit is due, demonstrates thorough knowledge relating to research problem, informs research issues concerning research questions, assists in the ability to critically evaluate concerned information, supports to integrate the literature in vogue, provides new insights of the co nceptual framework for research and finally, ensures that the researcher should be capable of influencing reader’s mind about the new research that carries value added information3. Qualitative Research is well established. Qualitative research enables the research to scrutinize already available literature on the topic related to the research. Literature review is a sort of qualitative research. Internet research is a very useful information tool to gather information of all sorts whether general or specific. It provides focused and purposeful information; the sources are internet-based resources (appropriate forum for discussion to the literary personnel) and it provides immediate access to desired information. A variety of information on each and every subject is available on the Internet, which provides great help to the researchers in their research work. The internet information is not confined to researchers only. Any one (students, teachers, doctors, engineers, scient ists, journalists etc.,) can access to the information4. Keywords Used Keywords play an important role in a research assignment. Once they are in place, they can be used to discover the untapped opportunities.

Financial Reporting. Company assigned - Informa Coursework

Financial Reporting. Company assigned - Informa - Coursework Example International accounting standards are the principles and the legislations and regulations implied by the local governments are the rules that needs to be followed and thus the symmetry of reporting around the world depends upon the adoption of the accounting standards in the regulations. Financial reporting are the highest regulated activity of business but due to the regulatory differences as to the extent of adoption of accounting standards the laxities provided in the reporting standards high profile corporates collapse, although the regulations in the financial reporting but there is much room available for development as due to the modern business techniques the regulations of financial reporting should be regulated accordingly besides the fact that the reporting base provided in the accounting standards are strong enough to maintain reporting symmetry. Standard Setting The international accounting standards are made in order to harmonize the financial reporting around the glob e in order to facilitate the user so the comparisons can be done. There are several bodies involved in the standard setting and their implication. International Accounting Standard Board is the main body where the standards formed and issued and in United States the American institute of CPAs. Exposure draft is issued based upon the issue arising in the financial reporting and the comments are taken upon the arose issue so responses from the different sectors of the businesses around the world can be taken and considered in order to get the involvement from different perspectives. The exposure draft is issued for a limited period and then it is considered by the experts and amended as per the needs and suggestions made by the experts around the globe. After the finalization of the exposure draft the accounting standard is formed and issued. After the issuance of the accounting standard the standard interpretation committee issues the interpretation regarding the accounting the stand ards and how the accounting standard deals with the different aspects of financial reporting. Whereas in United States the USGAAPs are issued to coincide with the international accounting standards so as to satisfy the uniformity in the accounting treatments around the globe. The accounting standards formed are based upon same basic concept and there is much less chances of conflict between the accounting standards and same is the case with the USGAAPs. However the two major bodies of setting accounting standards cannot implement the accounting implication around the world as the accounting standards are modified around the world varying country to country as per their legal requirement. The basis of accounting treatments is same but mostly the calculation and presentation is different so as to comfort the local reporting requirements. This brings the differentiation in the financial reporting as the reporting requirements in each country are not same. Thus the regulations in the re porting standards must be made strong enough so as to follow the required procedure in financial reporting and minimize the differences interstates so as to affirm the harmonization in the accounting treatments. Where the conflict between the accounting standard and local regulation arise the prevailing treatment is done as per the

Sports and women Essay Example for Free

Sports and women Essay Gender Bias in American Sports: Lack of Opportunity, Lack of Administrative Positions and Lack of Coverage in Womens Sports Submitted by: Erik F. Person, CSCS, Doctoral Candidate, USSA â€Å"In the early days, female volleyball players were cautioned not to expose too much . A hundred years later, they were encouraged to expose more†. The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Women’s Sports. pg. 281. â€Å"If people want to come check us out because they’re scoping our bodies, I don’t have a problem with that, because I guarantee they’ll go home talking about our athleticism†. pg. 283. â€Å"These women are as deft at handling the ball as they are lipstick†. pg. 262. â€Å"Let’s face facts here. Lesbians in the sport hurt women’s golf†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Laura Davies is built like a tank†. pg. 66 â€Å"The reason for this [media frenzy dubbed Annamania] is simple: She’s blond, she’s flirtatious and she’s pretty. Never, ever, underestimate the power of a male sports editor smitten.† pg. 52. â€Å"The Olympic Games should be a solemn and periodic exaltation of male athleticism with internationalism as a base, loyalty as a means, arts for its setting, and female applause as reward.† Pierre de Coubertin. Idiot’s Guide. pg. 31. â€Å"If there are two people the same, would I prefer to see women coaching women? As role models, I think it’s important. But not to sacrifice a program.† Pat Babcock. N.Y. Times. 2002 Copyright (c) 2002 2010 United States Sports Academy. All rights reserved. All submitted material, once approved by the Editorial Board and published, becomes the prop HomeGender Bias in American Sports: Lack of Opportunity, Lack of Administrative Positions and Lack of Coverage in Womens Sports Submitted by: Erik F. Person, CSCS, Doctoral Candidate, USSA â€Å"In the early days, female volleyball players were cautioned not to expose too much . A hundred years later, they were encouraged to expose more†. The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Women’s Sports. pg. 281. â€Å"If people want to come check us out because they’re scoping our bodies, I don’t have a problem with that, because I guarantee they’ll go home talking about our athleticism†. pg. 283. â€Å"These women are as deft at handling the ball as they are lipstick†. pg. 262. â€Å"Let’s face facts here. Lesbians in the sport hurt women’s golf†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Laura Davies is built like a tank†. pg. 66 â€Å"The reason for this [media frenzy dubbed Annamania] is simple: She’s blond, she’s flirtatious and she’s pretty. Never, ever, underestimate the power of a male sports editor smitten.† pg. 52. â€Å"The Olympic Games should be a solemn and periodic exaltation of male athleticism with internationalism as a base, loyalty as a means, arts for its setting, and female applause as reward.† Pierre de Coubertin. Idiot’s Guide. pg. 31. â€Å"If there are two people the same, would I prefer to see women coaching women? As role models, I think it’s important. But not to sacrifice a program.† Pat Babcock. N.Y. Times. 2002 Introduction Women in America have made tremendous strides in the last 100 years of American history. Politically, women gained the right to vote in 1920, through the 19th amendment. In the workforce, the Equal Pay Act of 1963 allowed women the right to equal pay for the same job as their male counterparts. In the sports world, women gained the right to play in 1972 by way of Title IX of the Educational Amendments. In spite of these strides however, gender bias continues to exist. It is difficult to think of a greater injustice which effects the majority of people in the United States. According to the 2006 U.S. Census Bureau, just over half of the U.S. Population is female, (50.7%), yet bias against women, the majority, persists. Due to the strong traditions of our patriarchal society, women continue to face an uphill climb. Gender is the neutral term for the two sexes, male and female. Bias is defined as unreasoned judgment, a bent or tendency, prejudicial. (Merriman’s Collegiate Dictionary, 1993). Gender bias then, is to show favor or partiality, toward one of the sexes exclusively because of gender. Or said in the negative, to not show impartiality based upon gender. In spite of these gender neutral definitions, it is clear in American culture, that gender bias has been and continues to be highly slanted against women. From the academic setting of classrooms (Bailey 1992) and college admissions, to the workplace with lower salaries, (AAWU report, 2008) lack of job opportunities and bleak forecasts for advancement, women continue to be discriminated against. The hegemonic male culture, consciously or not, creates an antagonistic environment for females. Nowhere is this more true than the environment of sports. Opportunity Bias One of the three prongs of the Title IX law has to do with equal participation opportunity in proportion to student enrollment as it pertains to federally funded centers of education. While millions of girls have benefited from the implementation of Title IX, there are still playing fields where females are still unwelcome. Traditional wisdom, that girls are only suited for activities which emulate the aesthetic side of sports such as gymnastics, ice skating, cheer leading, etc., persists, along with the notion that females should not engage in high physical contact activities such as wrestling, football or rugby. While TitleIX mandates equal opportunity, it does not mandate equal opportunity in specific sports. American football for example does not have an exact feminine equivalent, so girls are given other options besides football. (Volleyball, field Hockey). Options do not always mean equal. Gender bias occurs not only because there is no football team for women to play on, but rather that is only the outcome of the larger problem. The real gender bias has to do with the male, and sometimes female, attitudes of what defines masculinity and what defines femininity. Due to the pervading male influence, gender typing occurs early during a girl’s development. Gender typing is attributing qualities, characteristics, attributes, temperaments, demeanor and behavior due to a gender. That is, making generalizations about a person, and how they act or should act, based upon preconceived notions and definitions of their gender. Through the power of suggestion, gender socialization begins at a very early age. Subtly, or not so subtly, a girl hears messages throughout her life that females aren’t good at math and science, and proficiency in math and science are needed to become, for example, a space traveler, so the logical conclusion for her is that she can not go into space. The argument that, â€Å"if girls had the ability to become astronauts we would see more of them†, is self defeating when we have not given them the opportunity to do so in the first place. More plausibly, is that a self fulfilling prophecy has occurred. Expectations have shaped a behavior, which in turn shapes future expectations. This cycle usually conforms to the dominant cultural theme, and in our example, the dominant theme is male supremacy. Interestingly however, not all female athletes share the feminist view. McClung and Blind, (2002) found in the vast majority of their interviews with female college athletes, a desensitized attitude toward women’s sport issues. In their study, women said things such as â€Å"we feel privileged to play college sports†, as opposed to a right, and â€Å"gender equity issues are not important to me†. The main reason sighted for the lack of passion was due to lack of time, and other obligations. The sports world is biased against women in terms of opportunity in the professional ranks as well. Title IX has helped women with participation opportunity but only in educational settings, and speaks nothing of post college athletics. With the relative success of the WNBA more women basketball players have the opportunity to make a living playing a professional sport. Relative to the men’s opportunities however, economically it pales in comparison, $55,000 versus $4,000,000 (the average salary). Without the potential prospect of playing professionally, girls devote less time to the sport, focusing rather on other pursuits such as relationships, and academics, further establishing thegender logic in American culture that women are not interested in sports for the long term, or that they do not have the commitment needed to pursue athletics as a vocation. Again, this is a self defeating argument, as the WNBA has shown. Several franchises have been able to maintain healthy fan bases in the short 12 years history of the league. Part of the issue with lack of professional opportunity for women is linked to sponsorship bias. Companies looking to use sports to market their product do not look to women’s sport first. Companies are concerned with getting a return on their advertising dollar. The perception is that their return will not be as great if they invest in women sport teams. Whether it be through product endorsement contracts with specific athletes, facility or venue sponsorship, or capital investment in a specific team, corporations view the WNBA as a second rate, at best, investment. Justified as a reasonable business decision, the purse holders have a profound negative affect upon a team, the league in general, and women’s sports as a whole. Understandably, companies have a responsibility to be prudent investors for their constituents. However, at the same time, they may be missing an opportunity to pair their product with a market they have yet to completely associate it with, say 51% of the population. This liquidity issue in women’s sports is closely tied with the bias of the media. Even with the advancements of the LPGA and the USWTA, Greendorfer suggests that women â€Å"are still confined within ideological structures of patriarchy†. Media Bias Arguably, the media creates fans. Several men’s professional and collegiate teams have national audiences. Notre Dame football, New York Yankees, Penn State football, Dallas Cowboys, and the Cleveland Cavaliers, to name a few. The reasons for each of these teams captivating a large and diverse audience are many and as varied as their fan base. The media, along with many other variables (such as the location of the team, franchise or team history and legacy, colorful characters, and team success), play a role as to how that team is perceived by the public. Within the greater public are potential fans. Television coverage, magazine articles, radio broadcasts etc., all influence whether a team will garner a national fan base. Men’s sports have known that â€Å"exposure pays† for a long time, and with the increasing technological ability to feed fans the sport information they want, it would seem to be a relatively easy task for the networks to maneuver women’s sports coverage more toward the front web and paper pages. The very important 1996 work of Messner et al. details the shortcomings of media coverage of women’s sports, and the bias they exude. Messner and his colleagues analyzed and compared the 1993 NCAA basketball championship coverage for both men and women. Their conclusion, in part, was that â€Å"the television industry actively builds audiences for men’s games while failing to do so for women’s games†. (Yiannakis. p.330). This is no small point. Potential sponsors look at viewer ratings to determine potential investments. If ratings are lower than they deem necessary, the event will not be a target. However, without the media covering the event adequately, that is to say, billing it with the same hype, energy, enthusiasm and professionalism as the men’s games, fewer viewers are most certainly likely. Without the national exposure, women’s sports will continue to be a second rate investment because that is what the networks have created. Messner says that the network’s position is â€Å"we’re just giving the fans what they want†. The counter to that is, â€Å"they want that because you have made it more inviting to want that. The circus is more fun when there’s three rings instead of two. The media also appears to be bias against women’s sports by the way the events are covered. The shear quantity of coverage is a fraction of the men’s coverage. Messner found during the 1993 basketball tournaments, for example, that 41 stories ran for the men, and only 10 for the women, the men’s stories ran longer than the women’s, were more in depth, and had more video footage. In short, the media was telling the viewing audiences which of the two events they wanted you to watch, which was of better quality, and in the long run, building an audience of viewers so they can charge future sponsors top dollar. Television networks have the ability to build audiences, and they choose to with men’s sports. Another way media is bias against women and proliferates gender typing is by the way women athletes are spoken of. Messner points out, that even collegiate mascot names for women’s teams, con notate a feminine, softer version of the male equivalent. The Lions as compared to the Lionesses. Or the Lady Bear Cats, emphasizing the female version of the game as opposed to just the game. Messner makes the jump that this is a type of gender marking, reminding the audience that they are watching something other than a basketball game. In fact the very name of the the two basketball tournaments is very telling, from â€Å"The Final Four† to â€Å"The Women’s Final Four†. Making this distinction, Messner argues, gives the women’s tournament a patronizing tone. Messner makes many other salient points regarding coverage differences between the men’s and the women’s tournaments, all indicating that women’s sports are a niche, and men’s is mainstream. One of those differences is how women are portrayed in the media. Tradition holds that women are weak, or at best, not as strong as men, that they are the softer sex, the more emotional, the more aesthetically pleasing, beautiful. In other words, if society was going to accept the new members on their playing fields it was going to be done on their terms. Their terms included the sexualization of women’s sports. From the quotes on the first page of this paper we can see the varied opinions within the women’s sports movement. Those varying opinions have caused controversy and confusion. On the one hand, women want nothing more than to be given equal opportunity to play and equal coverage from the media. Further they wish to be respected for their physical abilities and skills. They wish to be rewarded for their sporting achievements. On the other hand, some women athletes believe they they can not get the exposure needed to win over large numbers of fans unless they give the fans another reason for coming to their events besides observing athletic ability. In the modern women sports media market this â€Å"neanderthal mentality† (as Mariah Burt Nelson once quipped) has translated into women being regarded, identified and valued more for how they look than how they perform. Recent stories of tennis stars Anna Kournikova, Maria Sharapova and the Williams sisters attests to this fact. While added â€Å"exposure† has given women’s sports more exposure in the media, perhaps it is not the exposure they had hoped for, and further it does send mixed messages to younger women athletes who are the future of the movement. In effect the male hegemony has won again, trivializing women’s sports. Unable to stop the cultural freight train they saw coming with Billie Jean King, a man’s world has set the switches and the tracks so as to control the train’s next stop reducing women’s sports to a public peep show, the impact of the social order is preserved. Ironically, this media bias is also rampant among female reporters who don’t know which cause to fight for, their career or the social injustice that is gender inequality. Female football sideline reporters of the major television networks, are asked to be both sexy and competent. When ABC was asked why they hired a female the response was, â€Å"we know that 40% of our viewing audience for these games are females. They need someone on the screen they can relate to†. I’m sure the other 60% of the viewing audience didn’t object. Monday Night Football hired a new sideline reporter to replace Melissa Stark. As Randy Sandomir reported in the N.Y. Times on the story of the new hire, Clearly there are conflicting agendas within the movement to curb gender bias. Purists of the movement may be getting a queasy feeling in their stomach, while the new generation of women liberals subscribe to the old entertainment adage that â€Å"even bad press is good press†. Administration Bias Briefly I will conclude with the third area of gender bias in women’s sports. Prior to the implementation of Title IX in 1978, 90% of women collegiate sports were being coached by women. According to the 2007 Knight Commission on Sports, the NCAA watchdog, 42% of women collegiate teams are being coached by women, an all time low. Further only 18 % of all college athletic directors, 12% of all college sport information directors, and 27% of head athletic trainers, are women. (2% of men’s collegiate programs were being coached by women in 2004.) Coakley considers part of the reason for this change to be the more lucrative contracts for women’s coaching positions. Geno Auriemma, the head coach of the University of Connecticut Women’s Basketball team will earn over 2 million dollars this year in salary and endorsements. Once the big money started coming in to Women’s basketball in the early 1990’s, men started vying for the positions with more determination. Whereas before the success of basketball powerhouses such as Connecticut, Tennessee, LSU and Stanford, women’s jobs were generally not considered as serious positions. Money changed all that. Women’s sports is caught between a rock and a hard place. If they advocate for stronger pay, men come in and take over the coaching positions. If they ask the public to look at their athletic skills, there will be no fan base. If they ask us to look at other parts of their bodies, they are thought to be prostituting themselves to the highest bidder, all in the name of recognition. When women accept this role it reinforces the traditional male / female value system which they have tried to distance themselves from. The proverbial glass ceiling for women in the sports work place is illustrated when we consider that 80% of sport communication positions are held by men. Women will continue to face an uphill battle for equal opportunity to play, equal representation in the coaching ranks, and equal media attention due to the male culture of superiority, but the women’s sport movement is doing no favors for themselves when they send mixed messages to both sides of the tracks. The freight train has arrived, now it just needs a conductor.

The Growing Problem of Terrorism and Terrorists Essay -- Terrorists E

Individuals often establish belief systems in regard to attitudes, behaviors, religions, and other areas based on beliefs and practices that they accepted during the early stages of maturation when many of their interactions were influenced by their families, who both supported and practiced the same traditions. In America the customary stance toward these varied opinions is to view them with tolerance, regardless of how strange or wrong the belief or action might seem. While individually people may disagree with the beliefs of other people, under ordinary circumstances, most Americans would either offer friendly advice or completely ignore situations that would not lead to dangerous or deadly outcomes. However, it seems to me that some people within practically all groups, regardless of their designations, sometimes decide to carry their belief systems to the extreme. Extremists move into the category of fanatics or radicals who seek to establish their belief systems as the only means for achieving a desired outcome. When people become fanatics, they believe that their ideals are the only acceptable way to live. Some will seek to destroy others who do not believe or act as they do. At that point, extremists become terrorists because they try to force others to accept their practices in such areas as social behaviors, politics, and religion. Terrorists frequently want everyone to practice the same social behaviors. Dressing in a particular style, eating specific foods... The Growing Problem of Terrorism and Terrorists Essay -- Terrorists E Individuals often establish belief systems in regard to attitudes, behaviors, religions, and other areas based on beliefs and practices that they accepted during the early stages of maturation when many of their interactions were influenced by their families, who both supported and practiced the same traditions. In America the customary stance toward these varied opinions is to view them with tolerance, regardless of how strange or wrong the belief or action might seem. While individually people may disagree with the beliefs of other people, under ordinary circumstances, most Americans would either offer friendly advice or completely ignore situations that would not lead to dangerous or deadly outcomes. However, it seems to me that some people within practically all groups, regardless of their designations, sometimes decide to carry their belief systems to the extreme. Extremists move into the category of fanatics or radicals who seek to establish their belief systems as the only means for achieving a desired outcome. When people become fanatics, they believe that their ideals are the only acceptable way to live. Some will seek to destroy others who do not believe or act as they do. At that point, extremists become terrorists because they try to force others to accept their practices in such areas as social behaviors, politics, and religion. Terrorists frequently want everyone to practice the same social behaviors. Dressing in a particular style, eating specific foods...

Physical Beauty to Inner Beauty

We are human beings, we need both physical beauty and inner beauty. We are not angels to search only for inner beauty. Also we are not devils to search only for outer beauty. We have eyes, first of all we look at someone physical, but as the time goes by we know the real people whether having inner beauty or not. The three aspects i am going to discuss are respect, confidence and relationship. The three aspects i am going to discuss are respect, confidence and relationship. The are many different between physical beauty and inner beauty and the most important is respect.Inner beauty is responsible for providing the person with more respect and status in society. Also physical beauty play role but if you're not good with your soul then the outer beauty role remain for less period but if you are good at your soul then you are talked everywhere. We may find a good and charming looking person but unless he or she is not good at soul we can not play a relationship. The other different is to be in confidence. The physical will always attract because of the hormones in our bodies but I also think that people have different ideas of what they are attracted to.But today's society and cultures play a huge influence on what people should think is attractive but the people that today's society and culture call beautiful exhibit strong confidence in how they appear, so confidence will play role in it too. The last different is in relationship. When you meet someone for the first time, you will acknowledge their physical beauty first and then after you talk to him/her for quite some time you will acknowledge their inner beauty like their personality, their wit and etc.You might not agree with me on this case because some of you might say that inner beauty is the real beauty. But if you ask people around I bet they will say the same thing. The first trigger will be physical beauty. You can take e. g. from the story of Cinderella. Prince choose chooses Cinderella when he spott ed her with beautiful dress and make up nicely not with kitchen uniform, I wonder if the prince will even ask her dance if Cinderella's wear her apron.The outer beauty will always attract but the inner beauty is what will give relationship long evity. In conclusion, we can say inner beauty has higher meaning on how we look at what is attractive. We should be more interested in the inner beauty first before seeking what is on the outside because beauty open locked doors, many people look for external beauty and they forget about feelings but in the end when the beauty is over, the same doors will be closed

Prosperity of India Essay

The way Indian economy is making progress for the last few years, is fairly rapid and impressive. Continuation of the same trend in the next five years should result in substantial advancement in prosperity as compared to developed countries. However, complacency can be disastrous for any country. Also there is no harm to give further fillip to growth rate in future. With this attitude I would like to suggest the following ares of improvement for aster development of India’s economic prosperity and security. 1.India’s achievement in the field of information technology, particularly in software development has been very impressive and very much talked about. But it is worth noting that most of India’s software and other IT services companies, including IT based business process outsourcing derive a very big chunk of their business from overseas business. This means that India is not able to make much use of IT to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of its bus iness and other economic operations. This also reflects the low priority given by Indian business to improve quality, effectiveness and efficiency. I believe, that to become a major economic power in the world, it is necessary to develop the best capabilities in much wider sphere of technology, rather than just providing services to other companies and business that use such services to achieve high level of efficiency and effectiveness. 2.Performance of industries is being harmed by narrow considerations of regionalism and casts. While the need to provide support support to under developed regions and under-privileged sections cannot be denied. I very much doubt if their interest is best served by helping them in ways that bring down the level of performance in businesses and public life. Any preferential treatment to specific region or set of people should pass the test of a proper cost benefit analysis. Of the various practices adopted in name of social justice, the one that hurts the country most, is denying opportunities for to those who can serve national interest best, by assigning responsibilities for such work and resul t to the incapable and incompetent. I believe all scheme enforced by government for preferential treatment for employment based on caste or region should be replaced by schemes to develop the capabilities of such under privileged people so that they can contribute to the national wealth. National wealth cannot be increased by just consuming it without contributing to its creation. 3.There is a need to cut down on corruption and inefficiency in the  government. This can be done very effectively by employing information technology. The right to information act has made some impact. But already there are moves from many government to limit the scope of this act on many different pretexts. I believe by developing and implementing effective systems that monitor and control performance of individual in government jobs, performance of the country as a whole will improve automatically. Thank Writer Comment Blurt Anonymous Profile Anonymous answered India need improvement in all spheres so that it could also be counted as the developed country. People should adopt family planning programmes to reduce the population of the country. Better education and medical facilities should be provided. Agriculture should be improved because more than half of the population is farmer. Come on India!!!! Now its our time!!! Thank Writer Comment Blurt Anonymous Profile Anonymous answered India should provide girl education in rural areas so that the girls could also study and can be the future of the nation.Some parents also did not send their child to the school because of the following reasons:- 1.School can be far from the home and there would be no conveyance. 2.Parents could not afford the fees of the school. 3.The child could be discriminated just like Om Prakash Velky. 4.Proper teachers could not be available. So Indian Government should provide proper education in the rural areas specially and should take strict action to the education of the rural areas. Thank Writer Comment Blurt Anonymous Anonymous commented 1.child labour must be band 2.women of the society should be protected Anonymous Profile Anonymous answered India lacks literacy, n literacy can remove all the social evils from the country and making it a secular, safe, n prosperous country. We people living in the Urban areas are not at all satisfied by what is happening then try to imagine of those living in remote areas, they simply lack everything. The things that today have become a basic necessity for us are out of reach for some people or say most of the India’s population like electricity, water supply. Dowry, child marriage are the evils that need to be debarred today from the roots. N Literacy is the only mean to do that. Girl education can make a far improvement. It could remove almost all the evils that India is affected by. Thank Writer Comment Blurt prem R S Profile prem R S answered Common Education, Common law( Civil code) No religious favourism, no cast, majority , minority concepts should be avoided. Nationalsim should be encouraged..India is the world leader. All should be equal without cast and creed. Only one difference should be there, ie, havings and have nots. That means under economic conditions. Give them what they needed. If educationally backward provide them, Money for study give them. If money is there and lack of development in that region, provide it.If health problem arrang for it. Think first and ask first What is the problem in each and every area.No holidays under religious consideration. Only weekend holidays only.Each and every person should have the right to take leave on their respective festivals and enjoy it. All others should come to the office and vice versa.No HINDu law, or christian or Islam. Should take good from all and be implimented. If giving scholorship provide to all poor people without considering his cast and only consider his economic conditions.All students and people should express their views , ideas through proper channel(agency) what they want and to become Provide them help for it afterexamining his qulaity for that. A good Nation without Religous favourism . That could develop. STudy and teach All are brothers. No scams!!! It will destroy the minds of new generation. Think positively and  act positively by policians and leaders who are influencing the society.Should give importance to (50%) agriculture.Without eating we could do nothing. Control population . One or Two. Give the new birth baby full facilities( up to 2 childeren) If more than that number, it is responsibility of their own and it nver of the STATE(Govt) and never give them any assistance. Always in the mind that â€Å"†INDIA THE WORLD LEADER†Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ 

Giovanni essays

Giovanni essays The importance of place in James Baldwins novel, Giovannis Room can be interpreted in many different ways. For most of the novel, David is in Paris France. While some consider Paris the City of Love David is unable to experience love, and this may have been a reason that David chose Paris as the city he would find himself or possibly find love in. (Also, the writer inserted bits of French -which most Americans associate as the language of love- into the story line it leads even the readers who dont understand a bit of French, to think that whatever they are saying must at the very least sound beautiful.) David originally traveled to Paris to run away from the memory of his first homosexual relationship with a childhood friend, Joey. There is something fantastic in the spectacle I now present to myself of having run so far, so hard, across the ocean even, only to find myself brought up short once more before the bulldog in my own backyard-the yard, in the meantime, having grown smaller and the bulldog bigger. (6) David wanted to believe that he was a man of some significance, while without the ability to escape his true identity and become the man he believed he wanted to be, his fight was hopeless. Also, Hellas location in Spain is worthy of some attention. During this time period it would have been rather unheard of for a single woman to be traveling alone in a foreign country; this brings to question the motives of Hella to travel in Spain. What I interpreted this voyage to be is just a way of Hella to take some time off from David and figure out if she really wanted to marry him. The question of Why Spain? still lingers in my mind. It could possibly be that she had always wanted to visit the country, or maybe she just wanted to experience a culture different than her own. Regardless of the reason Hella went to Spain, it is still an important ...

Article to be read BUDGET REORGANIZATION IN THE URBANOPOLIS HUMAN

To be read BUDGET REORGANIZATION IN THE URBANOPOLIS HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT - Article Example Issues There are many existing problems within the organizational structure of the City of Urbanopolis which is made even more challenging by the proliferation of items that cannot be supported by the allotted budget of the city. Furthermore, the city is experiencing a rough patch in its financial capability to support all the employees that make up the structure of the local government. There are superfluous positions that can no longer be continued as they take up funds that could otherwise go to more significant use. The challenges posed by problematic employees, if not addressed, could only cause a rift to the functions that they serve and the people that seek their services. Those who are incompetent and are unwilling to perform their jobs according to their purpose must not be tolerated and their review according to the policies and as agreed upon by the labor unions and the company should keep them in check. There are also other technological necessities that come with the imp rovement of the office and though this may be foregone, as suggested by Francesca Molleda the Budget Analyst, taking a second look at the possibility of acquiring funds to purchase the requested computer units would not hurt in the slightest. I have been promoted as the new Human Resources Director of the City of Urbanopolis and as the first order of business the need to address the budget problems which can be correlated to personnel issues was assigned to me by instruction of the city officials. I am writing this memo as a means of communicating the most appropriate actions that I perceive will best suit the needs of the organization in tackling the city’s financial problems and simultaneously eliminating redundant positions that only take up a slice of the financial allotment without delivering much result. This recommendation is founded upon the basis of employing the most appropriate standards according to existing collective bargaining agreements and in accordance with the law. My most sensible recommendation is to delete excessive positions which may be handled by one person instead of two or more. This is basically streamlining the organizational chart and encouraging a multi-tasked type of positions which will equate to fewer people on the payroll thus directly addressing the appointed task of resolving budget problems as instructed by the City Manager, Chris Sedgefield. The overage positions seem to be a major source of headache as suggested by Molleda and they may be let go in accordance with their performance reviews by their superiors. People such as Jay Devonridge, Vera Mobley, Hugh Parks and Terry Preston are among those occupying overage positions and are not performing well on their jobs. They should be given notice as part of the RIF. However, certain overage employees such as Barney Fromm and Echo Jameson are performing exceptionally well and are showing great potential in their work. It would be a great waste to let them go so their respective heads should further evaluate whether they should keep their current positions if possible or transfer them to another position that will also let them grow as employees. Janice Brock, another overage employee and a Secretary III, would be another case of difficult decision to let go as she seems to be performing quite well in her

Cell Biology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cell Biology - Essay Example They found out that when antibodies of GRASPs were introduced, daughter cells resulting from mitosis had improper stacking of cisternae membranes. Nonetheless, the findings have been inconclusive due to other studies using equally logical and accepted techniques. The studies conducted by other scientists employing gene knockout (removal of gene responsible for GRASP production) and siRNA depletion on animal cells, such as that of Behnia et al (2007), have shown that proper stacking occurred even in the absence of GRASPs. General protein secretion was also unencumbered. Furthermore, the absence of GRASPs in plants has not prevented them from acquiring proper stacking of the cisternia membranes. It is in the confusion regarding the true physiological function of the GRASPs that Kutzen and his colleagues conducted their study. They sought an explanation on why GRASPs exists by determining and establishing its role in cellular development. The authors present a new perspective on the physiological role of GRASPs. They contend that these proteins are not needed for conventional protein secretion, growth (i.e. stacking) and viability of vegetative cells. Their importance lies in making sure that AcbA, a protein that initiates spore differentiation, are secreted. Since AcbA lacks a signal sequence for its transport to the site where terminal differentiation occurs, GRASPs present an unconventional mechanism that facilitates the secretion and transportation of AcbA. Since spore differentiation ultimately results to fruiting bodies containing mature spores, GRASPs can be thought of as necessary for the reproductive mechanism of the cell and not the stacking of the membranes. 3.0 Major Findings Thru the use of cells of Dictyostelium, a type of mold, the authors found that GRASPs are not necessary for insuring cell growth and viability. This was the result of comparing the Golgi structure of cells containing GRASP and those without thru the use of immunoflourescence microscopy. The structure, even the stacking of the Golgi membranes, was similar for both cases. In proving their hypothesis, the authors studied the prespore cell type of the mold. With molds that have GRASPs as the control and those without as the experimental variable, they were able to determine that the viability of the mature spores in the control was 100% as compared to the 25% of those negative for GRASPs. Digging deeper, the authors were able to determine that the decrease in viability was the result of the insignificant production of SDF-2, a major peptide factor necessary for proper spore formation. According to the Anjard and Loomis (2005), SDF-2 is generated in the cleaving of AcbA. The cleaving of the protein AcbA initiates a loopback process that ultimately results to a successful sporulation event. The question now that faced the authors was to determine how GRASPs affected the production of AcbA. After having conducted Western blot analysis on moulds which did not have GRASPs, they found that AcbA was still as abundant as that in normal conditions. The only logical

The growth of Starbucks Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The growth of Starbucks - Case Study Example (Marios Theodosiou). The rise of multinationals such as Starbucks came with the advent of globalization, where trade restrictions were eliminated. Doing businesses in most countries abroad became much easier than before. Government regulations are more relaxed and tariffs were reduced or totally eliminated. These developments have given chance to big companies in the developed countries to capture bigger markets including the Third World. This has given rise to the issue of how to standardize product internationally and at the same time adapt to the individual idiosyncrasies of each country. Multinational firms such as Starbucks face this type of dilemma. Product standardization is the introduction of domestic products internationally with a little or no modification (International Product Decision). Product standardization is done in commodities such as shoes. Multinational shoe firms such as Nike, Adidas and Reebok release shoes that are sold across different countries. The other way of marketing product is through adaptation. If the firm spouses this marketing strategy, it adapts domestic product to suit the foreign market. Product modifications are done. They can be specifically designed for foreign markets. It is believed that 'global marketing of standardized products can, however, lower operating costs, and with effective coordination exploit a company's best product and marketing ideas" (Powers). One of the benefits of standardization is it allows current technology to adapt products and services to the local needs and wants. "It is also possible to tailor standardized strategies for different worldwide segments that exist cross-nationally" (Powers). On the other hand, there are doubts on the standardizing domestic products. Some concerns raised against standardization are national prejudices (Powers). Buzzel posited that "it is a mistake to assume that product standardization is possible without careful consideration of the idiosyncrasies of each market, such as physical environment, the stage of economic development, cultural characteristics, the stage of product lifecycle, competition, distribution systems, advertising media, legal restrictions, and finding the right balance between local autonomy and central coordination" (Powers). There is a need for both. Both have advantages and disadvantages. At this point, we will specifically be analyzing how Starbucks was able to make a decision on choosing between product standardization strategy and product adaptation. The Starbucks' Case Starbucks is known for coffee. But people around the world know that it does not only offer coffee or food, it offers experience, tranquility, and class. This is something that the company has standardized. Covering three continents, the green and white emblem has dominated various countries. Starbucks management has decided to standardize the product all over the world. Its cozy interior, plus